Puerperal sepsis is one of the most possible serious complications facing mothers after delivery. It develops due to anaerobic bacterial infection caused by the following factors:

• The operating room for delivery wasn't well-sterilized, which increases the incidence of exposure to infection.
• The mother neglects its personal hygiene, especially related to episiotomy (in vaginal delivery) or abdominal incision (in cesarean section).
• Persistence of placental fragments intrauterine.
• Neglecting medications (especially antibiotics and disinfectants) prescribed by the doctor.
• Immunocompromised mothers.

Puerperal sepsis occurs mostly in the first week after delivery, and is manifested by the following clinical signs:

1. High grade fever.
2. Redness and swelling of the delivery wounds, which could be painful too.
3. Offensive vaginal discharge.
4. Urinary tract infection and sometimes hematuria.
5. Abdominal pain.

Management of puerperal sepsis should be done immediately as it could lead to septicemia and death. Management plan consists mainly of IV fluids and triple antibiotic cover (anaerobic, gram positive and gram negative bacteria). Also the uterus should be examined by ultrasound to detect any residues or placental fragments intrauterine; if ultrasound examination is positive, D&C should be done.